Clinical outcomes · 2026

The numbers behind
Chinese hospital quality.

Surgical complication rates, infection rates, oncology survival, joint replacement revision rates and stem cell response data — published, sourced, and compared with US and international benchmarks.

Hip, knee, spine

Orthopedic & joint replacement.

Procedure / metric
China (top centres)
US / international
Source
Total hip replacement10-year prosthesis survival
94–97%
95–98%
Beijing Jishuitan registry · AAOS 2024
Total knee replacement10-year prosthesis survival
92–95%
92–96%
Chinese Joint Replacement Registry 2023
Total knee replacementSurgical site infection rate
0.6–1.2%
0.5–1.5%
Beijing Jishuitan · NSQIP 2023
Hip replacement (90-day mortality)30-day mortality
0.2–0.4%
0.3–0.5%
NHC China · CMS 2024
Spinal fusion (1-level)Revision rate at 5 years
5–8%
6–10%
Chinese Spine Society 2024
Robotic-assisted joint replacementImplant alignment within ±3°
94–97% (Mako/ROSA)
94–97%
Multi-centre RCTs 2023

Outcomes data from NHC China annual quality audits, Chinese registries (CARRIE, China PCI Registry, Chinese Joint Replacement Registry), peer-reviewed publications, and US comparators (CMS, NSQIP, STS, NCI, AAOS). Top-centre data — quality at secondary-tier hospitals or rural facilities is materially different.

CAR-T, surgical, RT

Oncology & cancer care.

Procedure / metric
China (top centres)
US / international
Source
DLBCL CAR-T (axicabtagene)Overall response rate
~80%
~80%
Chinese RWE 2023 · ZUMA-1
DLBCL CAR-TComplete response rate
~50–55%
~52–58%
Chinese RWE 2023
Multiple myeloma CAR-T (BCMA)Overall response rate
~70–80%
~70–85%
Chinese registration trial · CARTITUDE-1
B-ALL paediatric CAR-TComplete response rate
~85–95%
~80–90%
Multi-centre Chinese trial · ELIANA
Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (Stage III)5-year overall survival
~85% (SYSU)
~75–80%
Sun Yat-sen Cancer Center 2024
Hepatocellular carcinoma resection5-year overall survival
~50–55%
~30–40%
Renji Hospital · Mayo Clinic 2024
Proton therapy (paediatric)Late toxicity reduction vs IMRT
Comparable to international
Established benchmark
Shanghai Proton Center · MD Anderson
Surgical site infection (oncology)30-day SSI rate
~1.0–1.8%
~1.5–2.5%
NCI · NHC 2024

Outcomes data from NHC China annual quality audits, Chinese registries (CARRIE, China PCI Registry, Chinese Joint Replacement Registry), peer-reviewed publications, and US comparators (CMS, NSQIP, STS, NCI, AAOS). Top-centre data — quality at secondary-tier hospitals or rural facilities is materially different.

CABG, TAVI, PCI

Cardiac surgery.

Procedure / metric
China (top centres)
US / international
Source
Coronary bypass (CABG)30-day mortality
1.0–1.8%
1.5–2.0%
Fuwai · STS 2024
Heart valve replacement (TAVI)30-day mortality
1.5–3.0%
1.8–3.5%
Fuwai · STS-ACC TVT 2024
PCI (angioplasty + stent)In-hospital mortality
0.4–0.8%
0.6–1.2%
China PCI Registry · NCDR
Cardiac surgery infection rateDeep sternal wound infection
0.5–1.0%
0.5–1.5%
Fuwai · STS Database

Outcomes data from NHC China annual quality audits, Chinese registries (CARRIE, China PCI Registry, Chinese Joint Replacement Registry), peer-reviewed publications, and US comparators (CMS, NSQIP, STS, NCI, AAOS). Top-centre data — quality at secondary-tier hospitals or rural facilities is materially different.

MSC, GVHD, OA

Stem cell & regenerative.

Procedure / metric
China (top centres)
US / international
Source
MSC for refractory acute GVHDOverall response rate (Day 28)
~60–70% (Ruibosheng)
Limited US data
NMPA registration trial 2024
Autologous MSC for knee OAWOMAC pain reduction at 12mo
~50–60% reduction
~30–50% (US private)
Wang et al · Stem Cells TM 2023
MSC infusion serious AE ratePer 1,000 infusions
<10 (NMPA-licensed)
<15 (FDA registered trials)
ChiCTR · ClinicalTrials.gov

Outcomes data from NHC China annual quality audits, Chinese registries (CARRIE, China PCI Registry, Chinese Joint Replacement Registry), peer-reviewed publications, and US comparators (CMS, NSQIP, STS, NCI, AAOS). Top-centre data — quality at secondary-tier hospitals or rural facilities is materially different.

FAQ

How to interpret outcomes data.

Are Chinese hospital outcomes published and verifiable?
Yes — at top centres. NHC requires Class A hospitals to publish annual quality reports including surgical complication rates, hospital-acquired infection rates, and 30-day mortality. Top centres also publish outcome data in peer-reviewed journals (Lancet, JAMA, Annals of Surgery, Journal of Arthroplasty) — directly verifiable on PubMed. Always ask the hospital for procedure-specific outcomes data before booking, not just hospital aggregate.
How do Chinese outcomes compare to US/UK?
Comparable or favourable at top centres. China's top 100 hospitals perform 7.89 million surgeries per year — depth that builds procedural mastery. Published outcomes for hip/knee replacement, cardiac surgery, and oncology at top Chinese centres are within Western confidence intervals. Where China underperforms historically (rural hospitals, secondary tier) is not where international patients receive treatment. At Class A flagship centres, outcomes match Western benchmarks.
What infection rates should I expect?
Hospital-acquired infection (HAI) rates at top Chinese Class A centres run 1.5–3.5% — comparable to US Joint Commission benchmarks (~3%) and UK NHS reference rates. Surgical site infection rates for major elective surgery (THR, TKR, CABG) run 0.5–1.5% at top centres — within Western benchmarks. Specific rates by procedure and hospital are published in NHC annual quality audits.
Can I get procedure-specific outcomes data before booking?
Yes — and you should request this routinely. Top international medical departments will provide their own surgical complication rate, infection rate, and revision rate for your specific procedure on request. Compare with published Western benchmarks. If a hospital won't provide procedure-specific outcome data in writing, walk away.

Procedure-specific data
before you book.

Submit your case and we’ll request hospital-specific outcomes data — surgical complication rate, infection rate, surgeon case volume — from 2 partner Class A hospitals before you confirm.